Copper sulphate price 7758-98-7. 100 Gms. Granular copper can be applied in 1 of 3 different ways: broadcast crystals, place crystals in a burlap bag and drag behind boat, or dissolve crystals and spray. Dec 24, 2016 · Find here Copper Sulphate, Copper Sulfate manufacturers, suppliers & exporters in India. Uses: Anhydr salt for detecting and removing trace amounts of water from alcohols and other organic compounds; as fungicide. Such price movement meant a rise of 2% on a monthly basis and a decrease of 9% on a yearly basis. Payment Terms Cash Advance (CA) Cash in Advance (CID) Cheque ; Supply Ability 2000 Kilograms Per Day; Delivery Time 1 Days; Sample Policy Free samples available with shipping and taxes paid by the buyer In the United States, Copper Sulphate prices experienced a 15% decline compared to the same quarter last year, continuing the negative trend from the previous quarter with a further 7% decrease. Copper(II) sulfate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Cu SO 4. Live better. Despite efforts to stabilize the market, the overall sentiment remained bearish. Get contact details & address of companies manufacturing and supplying Copper Sulphate, Copper Sulfate, blue vitriol across India. Regular price $10. Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate [CuSO 4 ⋅ 5H 2 O] weighs 2 286 kg/m³ (142. Copper Sulphate Trade Information. Price. 8. Molecular Formula. The bearish market sentiments were further fueled by decreasing costs of upstream Sulphuric Acid and lower inquiries from the downstream agrochemical sector in the Indian market. Outdoor Living. K. The price of copper sulfate surged during the first quarter due to the raised prices of feedstock copper and sulphuric acid. This trend was largely driven by robust demand from the agrochemical sector amid the ongoing plantation and mid-crop seasons. Product Description The customer can avail from us Copper Sulphate (CuSO4) which is a salt that exists as a series of compound and differ in their degree of hydration. Please use filters at the bottom of the page to view and select unit type. 70 $252. We keep science moving forward by offering over 2. 00. Unlock the power of Copper Sulfate with our premium-grade crystal formulation, meticulously refined to ensure purity and potency. Premium Quality: Our Copper Sulphate is of the highest chemicael grade, ensuring purity and effectiveness. . it is bright blue crystals. CAS Number. 96% by FY2030. It provides a water soluble, readily available form of copper, an essential micronutrient for crops. 9 Fengchen provides quality copper sulfate pentahydrate, copper sulphate cuso4 5h2o. Molecular Weight : 159. Mix into poultry feed as copper sulfate solution or copper powder for easy, targeted supplementation. 4 Global Copper Sulfate Market 4. 2 Copper Sulfate Price Trends 4. 75. Price comparisons between the first and second halves of the quarter also revealed a 7% decrease. Versatile Applications: Ideal for agriculture, horticulture, pest control, and various industrial processes. Ideal for a range of applications from agriculture to industrial use, our Copper Sulfate crystals are crafted to deliver consistent results with every use. It decomposes to its oxide at temperatures above 600 o C. Lowest Price: ₹45 | Average Price: ₹130. The various hydrated forms of copper sulfate include trihydrates, Business listings of Copper Sulphate, Copper Sulfate manufacturers, suppliers and exporters in Delhi, कॉपर सल्फेट विक्रेता, दिल्ली, Delhi along with their contact details & address. $8 – $580+ Go iO Copper Sulphate is premium Australian Copper Sulphate and can help tackle many different problems on the property. It is often the starting raw material for the production of many of the other copper salts. 6 Price Trends 4. Buy 2 or more: $34. 2% copper and 12. com Rs 160 - Rs 200 / Kilogram. It appears as a blue crystalline solid and is widely used in various industrial, agricultural, and chemical applications due to its fungicidal, algicidal, and antimicrobial properties. Feb 16, 2016 · Our 10lb Bag of Copper Sulfate Fine Crystals is your go-to choice for high-quality Copper Sulfate, offering both versatility and value in a single package. Early in Q2 2023, prices declined due to ample of Copper Sulphate availability resulting from resilient manufacturing activities across the Asian nations. 9 (7) I/N Copper(II) sulfate, also known as cupric sulfate, or copper sulphate, is the inorganic compound with the chemical formula CuSO4(H2O)x, where x can range from 0 to 5. Copper sulphate prices declined by 13% compared to Q2 2023. Balaji Scientific And Lab Chemicals - Offering Rankem Copper Sulphate Pentahydrate Powder, For Laboratory, 500g at ₹ 500/kg in Rudrapur, Uttarakhand. 00 INR soluble in water and diluted acetic acid Often used for pest control (kills snails and slugs); fungicide (rubelose, melanosis, gummosis, scab, septoria, late blight, early blight, anthracnose, stain-eye frog, gray leaf spot, downy mildew, fruit rot and stain purple) use as bactericide for water use as an antiseptics for wood, house hold cleaning, suitable for insecticide (kitties, leafhopper India Copper Sulphate market is anticipated to grow at a steady CAGR of 5. 43 Kilo Tons in 2024. The prices of Copper Sulfate (South America) experienced a modest rise of 30 USD per metric ton from the prior month's price, to 1,780 USD per metric ton. Copper sulfate powder is a composed of 25. 5H2O. Get contact details & address of companies manufacturing and supplying Copper Sulphate Pentahydrate, 7758-99-8, Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate across India. Copper sulphate pentahydrate is sold according to pricing formula based on LME data as follows: Price = LME Cu * 25% + Premium, where: LME Cu — Official Cash Settlement Average Price of Copper at London Metal Exchange for the month preceding to the month of production, i. copper sulphate prices in Belgium experienced a decline due to a combination of factors. Electroplating grade, fertilizer grade & many more 5 days ago · Hindustan Copper Limited (HCL), a public sector undertaking under the administrative control of the Ministry of Mines, was incorporated on 9th November 1967. CHEMXPERT Copper Sulphate Powder (400 Gm) Premium | Copper sulphate for Plants, Neela Thotha, Cuso4 for Plants, Gardening and Swimming Pool | Algae Removal, Agriculture, Aquaculture or Industrial Use ₹389 ₹ 389 ( ₹0. Hebei Hangao Chemical Co. The Crystal Blue Copper Sulfate Crystals Pond Treatment should be used as a pond algae treatment on actively growing algae in water temperature above 60F. Find here Copper Sulphate Pentahydrate, 7758-99-8 manufacturers, suppliers & exporters in India. Copper sulphate powder and crystal, cuso4, 25 kg; Copper sulphate powder (maill thutthu), for agricultures, gr Blue copper sulphate crystal, bag, 50 kgs Radha Enterprises - Offering Copper Sulphate, Packing: 1 and 5 kg at ₹ 250/kg in Pune, Maharashtra. 79. Product Datasheet Price Check Stock. 055 molal (10 deg C) Minimum Order Quantity 50 Kg Product China Copper Sulphate For Water Treatment wholesale - Select 2025 high quality Copper Sulphate For Water Treatment products in best price from certified Chinese Water Storage manufacturers, Water Rubber suppliers, wholesalers and factory on Made-in-China. Crystal Blue Copper Sulfate Algaecide - Granular Aquatic Grade Copper Sulfate for Pond Algae Control - 5 Pounds. Increasing the use of Copper Sulphate in the manufacturing of fertilizer, and rising demand from electroplating industry is anticipated to fuel the demand for Copper Sulphate in India. 3 Market Breakup by Segment 4. It forms hydrates CuSO 4 ·nH 2 O, where n can range from 1 to 7. 05 Kilo Tons by 2034 at a CAGR of 3. You may also use the analysis page to view month wise price information. Hydrate of CuSO 4 is prepared by the addition of dilute sulfuric acid on copper (II) oxide or copper (II) carbonate, blue triclinic crystals of pentahydrate are formed upon crystallization. Expected Price. We, “Sukha Chemical Industries, expertise in the domain of Asian Metal provides Copper Sulphate Prices Index. Ahmedabad, Gujarat Copper sulfate (slow motion) - periodic table of videos; Copper sulphate crystals; Copper sulphate crystals; Copper sulphate ( cuso4), crystal; Blue copper sulphate crystal, 50 kg, grade standard: industr Copper sulphate granules, hdpe bag, 50 kg; Copper sulphate powder, grade standard: industrial grade; Copper sulphate powder and crystal Business listings of Copper Sulphate, Copper Sulfate manufacturers, suppliers and exporters in Kolkata, West Bengal along with their contact details & address. 97 /Grams) 10 Kg Copper Sulphate Shambhu Nath Chemical Works Verified Supplier MIFD Campus, Opposite 2140-C Block, Ranjit Avenue Mfg. Nov 20, 2024 · In the fiscal year, copper sulphate price in Belgium reached $2,350 per metric ton during Q2. Ring Road, Shantipura Circle, Ahmadabad, Ahmedabad - 380054, Dist. However, the prices stabilized during the second quarter as the upstream costs relaxed and the market demand dwindled due to double-digit inflation. Get contact details & address of companies manufacturing and supplying Copper Sulfate Powder, 7758-98-7, Copper Sulphate Powder across India. $2,976. The anhydrous form is a pale green or gray-white powder, whereas the pentahydrate (CuSO4. 5% Minimum, Packaging Type: Bags, Packaging Size: 25 Kg, Best Price in India. Amritsar, Punjab Business listings of Copper Sulphate, Copper Sulfate manufacturers, suppliers and exporters in Bengaluru, Karnataka along with their contact details & address. e. 7 copper sulfate Product Specification Packing Size 1kg, 5kg, 50kg Form Crystals Grade Standard Industrial Grade Application Fungicides Purity (in %) 24% Copper Density 3. 1 Ton (MOQ) Hebei Hangao Chemical Co. In industry copper sulfate has multiple applications. The pentahydrate (x = 5) is the most common form. [Copper Sulphate Price Index] [Copper Sulphate Price Index] [Copper Sulphate Price Index] Sep 20, 2023 · Copper Sulphate Price Analysis, Report, Chart, News, Demand, Historical and Forecast Data Puneet Shah 1mo Global Copper Ores And Concentrates Market - Analysis and Forecast to 2020 Price--Copper Sulphate Pentahydrate: 210 INR (Approx. Whether for educational purposes, crafting, or any application where the beautiful and chemical properties of copper sulfate can be appreciated, this product delivers excellence and reliability. 6. BLUE COLOURED CRYSTAL. 3 out of 5 stars 4,545 Copper (II) sulphate pentahydrate is inorganic compounds with the chemical formula CuSO4. Product Quantity Selections. Copper Sulfate Powder - 1 Lb. Minimum Order Quantity 500 Kilograms; Price 135 INR; Copper Sulphate Product Specifications. Get Copper Sulphate at lowest price | ID: 25683061755. 00 - 250. )--Copper Sulphate Crystal: 150 INR (Approx. (Copper (II) Sulphate Anhydrous) Part A CAS : 7758-98-7. 5H2O), the most commonly encountered salt, is bright blue. Also find Copper Sulphate Pentahydrate price list | ID: 25375211473 Oct 12, 2012 · Price/Ea. Quotes good at the beginning of the week may be unavailable by the end of the week as copper prices continue to push all-time highs. Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate 99. Can be used to control of fungus diseases, correction of copper deficiency in soils, correction of copper deficiency in animals, stimulation of growth for fattening pigs and broiler chickens and also a molluscicide for the destruction of slugs and snails, particularly the snail Jan 10, 2025 · Copper Sulphate Crystal - Application: Industrial. 4 out of 5 stars. 99 ($4. Offer - Urjas Oil for just ₹ 1 X. 97 ₹0. To grow the volume of 518. CONNOTE HEALTHCARE. 2 Profiles of Key Players 5 Detailed Process Flow Buy COPPER SULFATE (25kg) online today! Product Description: Copper Sulfate (25kg), also known as cupric sulfate, is a chemical compound with the formula CuSO₄. Storage Room Temperature; Form Powder; Mar 19, 2019 · Product Details Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate Technical Grade Copper sulphate, blue stone, blue vitriol are all common names for pentahydrated cupric sulphate, CuSO45H2O, which is the best known and the most widely used of the copper salts. 00/Count) Get it as soon as Friday, Nov 29 Get High Quality Copper Sulphate with Total Purity of 98. Liquid Copper Concentrated Liquid Fungicide 8 oz. Copper Sulfate – Multi-Purpose Solution for Industrial, Agricultural, and Water Treatment Applications. 04''x1''x6''(1mmx25mmx150mm) $7. Categories: copper sulfate, 7 copper (II) sulfate, cupric sulfate, cupric sulfate anhydrous. 20 /Strips) Copper Sulphate Pentahydrate is a widely used copper-based compound essential in agriculture, chemical manufacturing, and water treatment. Maximum 5 per customer. Molecular Weight. 1 Raw Material Price Trends 4. 9% Crystals Fine Grade. 30% by 2025-2034. Copper sulphate, blue stone, blue vitriol are all common names for pentahydrated cupric sulphate, CuSO45H2O, which is the best known and the most widely used of the copper salts. Ahmedabad, Gujarat. Shop for Copper Sulfate at Walmart. 20 $1. Get Best Quote VITAMIN C E A ZINC SULPHATE MANGANESE SULPHATE COPPER SULPHATE. Copper Sulphate Ask Price. Features: USE :-★ As A Fungicide & Herbicide★ Analytical Reagent★ Organic Synthesis★ Rayon Production★Copper sulfate has attracted many niche applications over the centuries. 4 Market Breakup by Region 4. Sep 18, 2023 · The Copper Sulfate Price chart, including India Copper Sulfate price, USA Copper Sulfate price, pricing database, and analysis can prove valuable for procurement managers, directors, and decision-makers to build up their strongly backed-up strategic insights to attain progress and profitability in the business. 95 50 Lbs. Competitive Pricing: We offer our Copper Sulfate at competitive prices to provide the best value for our customers. )--VITAMIN C E A ZINC SULPHATE MANGANESE SULPHATE COPPER SULPHATE: Oct 19, 2023 · The German market for Copper Sulphate has experienced price pressure throughout the second quarter of 2023. 609. IMARC’s report presents a detailed analysis of copper sulphate pricing, covering global and regional trends, spot prices at key ports, and a breakdown of Ex Works, FOB, and CIF prices. Copper sulphate, Cu 24%. About this item . Declining costs of upstream Sulphuric Acid have led to lower manufacturing costs for Copper Sulfate – Techno Power Bangladesh. As an analytical reagent it is used in Benedict's solution and Fehling's solution to test for reducing sugars and in Biuret reagent to test for proteins. Find here Copper Sulfate Powder, 7758-98-7 manufacturers, suppliers & exporters in India. Synonym(s): Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate, Cupric sulfate pentahydrate, Sulfuric acid, copper(II) salt (1:1) pentahydrate Get Cu/CuSO4 Copper Sulfate Reference Electrode, Ceramic at best price in Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh by Global Instruments Company and more suppliers | ID Business listings of Copper Sulphate, Copper Sulfate manufacturers, suppliers and exporters in Mumbai, कॉपर सल्फेट विक्रेता, मुंबई, Maharashtra along with their contact details & address. Supply Ability 100000 Kilograms Shop Copper Sulfate, 20% (w/v), Ricca Chemical at Fishersci. 95% Purity Copper Electrode Strip for Copper Electroplating and Jewelry Plating 0. $36. 60 g/cm3 (anhydrous) Molar Mass 159. , Ltd. Corechem is affiliated with a global network of companies that service the major sectors of the Chemical Industry including Agriculture, Mining, Plastics, Water treatment, Surface Coatings and the Food Industry. In printing it is an additive to book binding pastes and glues to protect paper from insect bites; in building it is used as an additive to concrete to provide water Copper Sulfate Powder Price List. com. High Quality Mining Chemicals Cas 7758-98-7 Cuso4 Copper Sulfate Blue Copper Sulphate Price Copper Sulphate Importer Bangladesh. 1 Market Overview 4. Get contact details & address of companies manufacturing and supplying Copper Sulphate across India. Top quality, good stability and competitive price are our main advantages. 99 ( $1. 609 g/mol (anhydrous) Appearance Gray-white (anhydrous) Chemical Formula CuSO4 (anhydrous) MP 110 deg C Solubility in water 1. 21323529412 | Highest Price: ₹194 | Price in india on 16/12/2024: ₹150. copper sulphate cas no 7758-98-7 please kindly dm for the current price of the product Jan 20, 2022 · Ideal for poultry enthusiasts and professionals alike, these copper sulfate crystals are available in various sizes, including the convenient 50 lb bag for larger setups. Nov 29, 2017 · Pure Copper Anode Sheet 2Pcs 99. 5% sulfur. Compared to the previous quarter of 2024, prices showed a marginal 2% uptick, indicative of transient supply chain adjustments rather than a robust market recovery. Color Other; Purity(%) 99%; Copper sulphate crystal n powder both Aniket Exports Ahmadabad, Ahmedabad B/1203 And B/1204, Swati Trinity, S. The Crystal Blue Copper Sulfate in granular form is the only way Aug 17, 2016 · Root Destroyer - 5lbs - Root Killer for Sewer, Pipe & Drain Lines, Septic Tanks and Septic Systems - Stops New Growth & Safe for All Plumbing - Pure Copper Sulfate Crystals 4. 2 Historical and Forecast (2018-2029) 4. Chemicals from New Delhi, Delhi, India Price: ₹ 250 / Piece. P. Zinc Sulphate Agriculture Grade, Old Jail Road, Amritsar - 143001, Dist. Copper II (Cupric) Sulphate pentahydrate, CuS04. Copper Sulphate Price And Quantity. This versatile chemical compound, also known as blue vitriol, is widely used across various industries for its Copper Sulphate Price - Select 2024 high quality Copper Sulphate Price products in best price from certified Chinese Copper Sulphate Agriculture Grade manufacturers, Aluminium Sulphate suppliers, wholesalers and factory on Made-in-China. The copper sulphate market reached a volume of 374. 5H20. Shop Now. This chemical is processed under the strict vigilance our ingenious professionals using quality-assured chemicals and ultramodern techniques in tune with industry standards. To fulfill the varied demands of clients, we offer this Copper Sulphate in different moisture-free packaging options at the most competitive prices. Price 135 INR/Kilograms; Minimum Order Quantity 500 Kilograms; Copper Sulphate Trade Information. Uses Agriculture: Fungicide: Controls bacterial Find here best list of top Copper Sulphate Manufacturers,Copper Sulphate Suppliers in India,Copper Sulphate Latest Price,Copper Sulphate Exporters in India,Copper Sulphate Wholesalers near me,Get Latest Copper Sulphate Mandi Price List Copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate Quick inquiry Where to buy Suppliers range: Copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate. It exothermically dissolves in water to give the aquo complex [Cu(H2O)6]2+, which has octahedral molecular geometry. CuO4S. It exhibits a rhombic crystalline morphology. ) MOQ - 100 Box/Boxes. Get Copper Blue Copper Sulfate Price Raw Material Crystalline US$ 1700-2200 / Ton. 2 out of 5 stars 20 $29. 76. Find here Copper Sulphate, Copper Sulfate, blue vitriol suppliers, manufacturers, wholesalers, traders with Copper Sulphate prices for buying. Weaker demand from key sectors like agriculture and construction put downward pressure on prices, as these industries traditionally rely on copper sulphate for High Quality Mining Chemicals Cas 7758-98-7 Cuso4 Copper Sulfate Blue Copper Sulphate Price Copper Sulphate Importer Bangladesh. 71032 lb/ft³) [ weight to volume | volume to weight | price | mole to volume and weight | mass and molar concentration | density] About this page: Price of Copper sulfate; The compounds and materials price calculator performs conversions between prices for different Anhydrous form of copper sulfate occurs as mineral hydrocyanite. 9% Crystals Fine Grade Regular price $125. 99 $ 7 . Get Contact details & address of companies manufacturing and supplying Copper Sulphate Pentahydrate, 7758-99-8, Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate across India. Molecular Weight : 249. Price - 105 INR (Approx. 'reference month' 25% — Mass Content of Cu in CuSO4 * 5H20 Superior Quality: Our Copper Sulfate is of premium quality, ensuring optimal performance in its various applications. The pentahydrate (n = 5), a bright blue crystal, is the most commonly encountered hydrate of copper(II) sulfate, [10] while its anhydrous form is white. 758-98-7. Back; Outdoor Living Manutec 500g Copper Sulphate Soluble. Price 225 INR/Kilograms; Minimum Order Quantity 5000 Kilograms; Copper Sulphate Product Specifications. MOQ : 1000 Kilograms Type : Copper Sulfate Powder Packaging Size : 50Kg Form : Powder Country of Origin : India Purity : 24% Coppеr sulphate, a vеrsatilе chеmical compound, is widely used in various industries and applications. Blue Copper Sulphate Powder: 210: Chemical Grade Copper Sulphate Powder: 190: 99 % Blue Copper Find here Copper Sulphate Pentahydrate, 7758-99-8 manufacturers & OEM manufacturers in India. pentahydrate as agricultural fungicide, algicide, bactericide, herbicide; food and fertilizer additive; in insecticide mixtures; in manufacture of other cu Get the best deals for Copper Sulfate at eBay. Price Trend : 130. Send Inquiry. Copper Sulphate were imported from 20 countries Find out about Copper Sulphate benefits, side effects, price, dose, how to use Copper Sulphate, interactions and contraindications. Southern Ag. Molecular Formula : CuSO4. We are one of the leading and professional China manufacturers and suppliers in this field. 68 Price Check Stock. 77 Get Price History of Copper Sulphate - 100gm. We have a great online selection at the lowest prices with Fast & Free shipping on many items! (Copper (II) Sulphate Pentahydrate) Part A CAS : 7758-99-8. 00-3,000. Ready to Ship. Aug 27, 2024 · In early August 2024, Copper Sulphate prices across the APAC region, particularly in India and China, experienced notable upward pressure. 4. For livestock, copper sulfate is a valuable dietary supplement in mixed feeds for cattle, hogs, poultry, and other livestock. [11] The price range of copper sulphate in Bengaluru are - Company Name Currency Product Name Price--Copper Sulphate: 18-380 INR (Approx. Copper Test Strips for Mineral Pools - Works with Pool Ionizers, Mineral Cartridges, Copper Sulphate and Copper Algaecides - Part CBI-Cut 4. The study examines factors affecting copper sulphate price trend, including raw material costs, supply-demand shifts, geopolitical impacts, and industry Crystal Blue Copper Sulfate Algaecide - Granular Aquatic Grade Copper Sulfate for Pond Algae Control - 5 Pounds ALDON Innovating Science Copper (II) Sulfate 5-Hydrate Powder, 500g - Laboratory-Grade - The Curated Chemical Collection Copper Sulfate Crystals - 1 Lb. Copper Sulphate worth $38,148,394 have been imported; Average import price for copper sulphate was $1. Fast Delivery: Our efficient delivery system guarantees that you receive your order promptly. It is most commonly utilized as a fungicide and herbicide in agricultural applications, providing a reliable solution for controlling fungal infections and algae. Shreemoney Enterprises LLP - Offering Copper Sulphate, Powder at Rs 250/kg in Mumbai, Maharashtra. With each application, you’re supporting a healthier, more resilient flock. Save money. Upgrade your operations with premium Copper Sulfate from Techno Power Bangladesh. It has the distinction of being the nation’s only vertically integrated copper producing company as it manufactures copper right from the stage of mining to beneficiation, smelting, refining and casting of refined copper metal into Ferrous Sulphate, Copper Sulphate & Alum Crystal Manufacturer offered by S. 7 Competitive Landscape 4. copper sulfate, copper ii sulfate, cupric sulfate anhydrous, copper sulphate, copper 2+ sulfate, blue stone, copper monosulfate, copper ii sulfate, anhydrous, hylinec, trinagle PubChem CID 24462 Find here Copper Sulphate 30 kg manufacturers, suppliers & exporters in India. 99 $ 29 . )-- May 12, 2021 · 12 May 2021 - Volatility in copper markets has pushed copper sulphate suppliers to quote daily spot prices versus weekly or monthly pricing. 1 Key Players 4. Check out our wide range of lawn mowers at lowest prices. Get Copper Sulphate at lowest price | ID: 2515164855 Copper Sulphate. 2,160. 159. 500 Gms. 79 $34. 70 each. Product Name. com Description: Cupric Sulfate, Anhydrous, Powder, Reagent also known as Copper(II) Sulfate is an inorganic pale green or gray-white powder. Dec 25, 2006 · SMM brings you current and historical Copper Sulfate price tables and charts, and maintains daily Copper Sulfate price updates. 5 million products and extensive support services to the research, production, healthcare, and science education markets. qtymrylcgctxwmbpjyokqtaojnmanscqsuxitzmwutcwvqrwhdfpo